These connections are predominantly used in areas where it is not economical to install optic fibre. Satellite services are generally used in remote areas for this reason. For such connections, an antenna or satellite dish will be installed outside the premises and connected to a connection box/modem as in other set ups. A router/gateway is then connected to the NBN connection box to provide the Internet and telephone services.

Sometimes referred to as “Fibre to the Basement”, this set up is very similar to FTTN with the exeption that the node is placed somewhere on the premises (usually a communications room in the basement, hence the name). VDSL is employed from the node just like a normal FTTN implementation.

This is the most common implementation of the NBN and uses existing copper cabling from a DSLAM (Node) in the area leading to the premises. The fibre node is generally located in a cabinet on the street somewhere within a kilometer of the premises. Beyond this, copper cabling runs from the node to premises to provide phone and internet services. The technology used for this “home stretch” is called VDSL (Very high speed digital subscriber line), similar to ADSL, but faster over short distances. It is worth noting that VDSL does require a specialised modem to run on it.